
The political left has no idea how the real world works. If you're reading this, then this comes as no surprise to you. But they aren’t the only ones who seem to be confused about modern economics. There are mistakes out there on the right as well. One that seems prevalent right now is that cutting government spending will somehow ‘help the economy’.
Well not to confuse my own thesis, but in the long term it actually will help. It will reduce the need for additional debt and that will eventually improve things. but that's going to take a very long time. In the short run it’s not going to help at all – it’s actually going to hurt. It will lower GDP, and it might lower it dramatically if the libertarian wing of the party gets its way and the cuts that are made are… dramatic.
If this seems counter intuitive I think it’s because you probably haven’t noticed that while the government will be spending less, it will still be taxing the same. Well, there are some modest cuts suggested here and there around the edges – carefully targeted to help those special interests that the politicians like. But on the whole, all branches of government will be keeping taxes more or less the same even while they slash spending.
And by the way, if you’re a constituent of the government and you make your way in the world through the largess of politicians, for you it will be making things much worse. Take the example of a company that’s very politically connected, and designed to exploit the market distortions created by government policy. Call it a minority owned, union hiring cement company from Illinois with close ties to Democrats, and several large contracts from government ‘infrastructure’ projects like high speed rail, and bridges to nowhere.
Things are going to get MUCH worse for them. They might not have delivered much 'infrastructure per dollar' compared to their private sector competition. They might have been inefficient, and prone to waste. But they still spent the money and generated economic activity with it. Cutting waste may sound good to the taxpayer, but not to the guys who are doing the wasting.
Even if you are one of those union guys who's whole job is standing around watching other people do real work, that doesn’t mean that you waste ‘your’ money once you get it. You may spend it very wisely. One thing is for sure – you are meeting your own needs with it at the very least. And if government spending gets cut, then you may end up out on the unemployment line. That could be a real problem because the demand for guys who stand around doing nothing is actually quite low in the non unionized private sector, so you might be there a while.
So if we cut government spending, we will get lower GDP and higher unemployment. Sounds lovely right? Well don’t get me wrong, we still have to do it. Government needs to account for a smaller portion of our GDP and accumulate less debt. The long term picture does need to be considered. But I want to make it clear that the half of this process that we really need hasn’t been addressed yet.
What we really need is a plan for increasing economic growth. Spending cuts alone won’t do it. And contrary to what they think on the left, the desire to ‘exploit the working man’ isn’t enough to motivate people to be productive either. Normally we would expect a ‘snap back’ from a deep recession like the one we’ve had. But under the current, tax, debt, and labor environment, we aren’t getting it. Understanding why is easier if you think of the return on ‘effort’.
Creating economic growth requires effort. Someone somewhere has to actually ‘do’ something – and not just anything. They have to do something that increases the value of a product or service. They have to take the components of a pencil, put them together and get more for the pencil than the parts were worth. Or they need to sell the pencil at a higher price. Or they need to put labels on the pencils to send them to customers, or stack them for shipment in the warehouse – you get the idea. Every little bit helps.
The point is, someone definitely needs to go to some effort. But if the return on that effort is too low, then it’s not worth it to engage in such an activity. Better to spend that same ‘effort’ on unproductive activities like playing with your dog, or drinking beer and chasing girls – or whatever else you’re into. And as is stands right now, the government keeps the return on that kind of activity low by taxing away a portion of what you get, setting a high interest rate on the money you borrow, and forcing you to pay more for labor with restrictive labor laws.
But if government were to lower taxes, interest rates, or labor costs, the return on ‘effort’ would increase. For some activities, it would increase dramatically. And when you get more for putting in the same effort, you become much more likely to engage in it. If you get to keep 80c of every dollar instead of 60c, maybe you decide that you’d rather work on Saturday instead of recovering from Friday’s hangover, or taking a trip to the park. And all that extra effort accumulated across 300 million Americans represents one hell of a lot of economic growth.
That growth will make things better for everyone, even the comparatively less productive. For example, greater growth means increase tax revenues, which lets the government go out there and waste a little more money again. Eventually that union guy may get his ‘standing around’ job back. The stock market will rise causing the return on his pension to be even higher. So when he retires he can go spend his golden years standing around doing nothing on the beach in Florida.
But until the return on ‘effort’ increases, none of that is going to happen. And spending cuts alone, as important to the long term picture as they are, simply won’t be enough to do it.